Electric headlight-lamp.



. I No. 723.766. v PATENTED MAR. 24, 1903.

H. P. WELLMAN. v ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT LAMP.

APPLIUATION FILED .TUNE 4, 1902. I

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l H. P. WBLLMAN. ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT LAMP.

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I SM A 16010142? PATENTED MAR. 24, 1903.

H. P. WELLMAN. ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4l 190.2.

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No. 723,766. PATBNTBD MAR. 24, 190s. H. P. WBLLMAN. ELECTRIC HEADLIGHTLAMP.

APPLIGATIDN FILED JUNE 4, 1902.

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UNrrED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

,IIARLAN P. WELLMAN, OF ASHLAND, KENTUCKY.

ELECTRIC HEADLIGr-LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 723,766, dated March24, 1903. Atplimion fried June 4,1902. stanno. 110,229. (Nomina.)

T0 @ZZ wiz/0m, t may concern:

Be itknown that 1, HABLAN P. WELLMAN, of Ashland, in the county of Boydand State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Electric Headlight- Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

The objects of this invention are, first, to provide a lamp having themagnetic coil, arcinclosure, clutch, dac., compactly arranged andcapable of being easily removed from and placed within the lamp-casing;second, toprovide improved simple and highly-efficient means forstriking the arc between the carbons; third, to provide an easilyoperated and removable negative-carbon holder and clamp, and, fourth, toimprove the construc tion and general efficiency of electric head-Vlight-lamps, and especially enable the carbon rods to be easily andquickly adjusted and renewed when necessary.

The invention will be hereinafter fully set forth, and particularlypointed out in the claims. Y 1 In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure lis aview in side elevation with thelanip-casing in section. Fig. 2 is anenlarged vertical sec` tional view through the magnet-coil, its cas-f Aing, and the means for controlling the positive carbon rod. Fig. 3 is aplan View of theI coil-casing and the means for securing the same inplace. Figs. 5 and 6 are plan and side views of the positive-carbonclutch. Fig. 7 is an enlargedV side View of the negative-carbon-rodholder with a modified form of arc-iuclosure support indicated in dottedlines. Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of the subject-matter of Fig.7. Fig. 9-is an enlarged vertical and horizontal sectional view of theupper portion of the clamp of the negative-carbonrod holder. Fig. 10 isa side view of modified means for inclosing the lower end of thenegatiVe-carbon-rod holder. Fig. 11 is an end view thereof with one ofthe parts shifted.

arrangement for adjusting the latter. Fig.

Fig. 4 is a side View thereof.A

17 is a further illustration-of this modifican tion, as are also Figs.18 and 19. Figs. 20 4and. 2l are details. Fig. 22 is a View of thepositivecarbon-rod holder with the clutch located thereunder. Fig. 23shows the base of the coil-casing locked in engagement with its holdingmeans.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the lamp-casing; 2,therefiector; 3, the transparent arc-inclosure, and 4 the opaque top andbottom end pieces thereof, which are shown in Fig. 1 as extended throughopposite openings in the reflector.

5 is a metallic frame or standard within the casing in rear of thereflector and having at its top a circular portion 6, which is supportedat 7 by being secured to the reflector. On

vthis circular portion rests an insulating-ring 8, on which is a ring orcircular plate 9, having diametrically opposite overhanging ears 10extended from its upper surface.

12 designates the magnet-coil inclosed Within a skeleton or open-workcasing 13, preferably of cylindrical formation at its ends. This casingat its lower end is encircled by a non-magnetic base in the form ofaband 14, whose ends are united by a screw 15. (See Figs. 1 and 4.) Thisband extends upwardly from a horizontal portion 16, formed with acentral opening and a depending skirt or circular portion 17. From theexterior of the base-band extend short lateral arms 1S,which aredesigned to tit between the plate 9 and the ears 10. InV this way thecasing 13 of the magnet-coil may be locked and unlocked by a slightaxial turn imparted thereto, such turning opening or closing acircuit-closer. For this purpose the casing carries an insulatedterminal contact 19 in the form of a spring-arm 20, crimped at its freeend to engage a stationary insulated terminal contact 2l, mounted onplate 9, which arm by engaging with the terminal 21 serves to hold thebase and casing from turning or becoming loose by the motion of the carupon which the headlightdamp is located. Through an insulating-bushing22 in the top of the casing 13 is passed one terminal` of the coil,which terminal is carried to the contact 19, the other terminal of thecoil being grounded on the casing 1, which is the positive side of thelamp and is insulated from the negative IOO terminal. The object ofmaking the coil-casing in skeleton form is to allow of perfectventilation and prevent overheating.

On the top of casing 13 is a housing 23, wherein a spring 24 isheldunder tension by screw-cap 25, which spring tends to hold the lowerflanged end of a sleeve 26 against the bottom of the housing, saidsleeve being screwed on the exterior of the positive-rod tube 27. A nut28 closes the upper ends of the sleeve 26 and tube 27.

29 is an armature whose cylindrical portion is located inside the coiland through 4which the carbon-rod tube 27 is extended.

From near its lower end extends a lateral disk-like flange or horizontalportion 30, movable within the base 14 between the magnetcoil and thehorizontal portion 16 of the former, being guided in its movements andheld as against axial turning by a guide-pin 31 of the base fitted in anopening in the armature. By this construction practically all of thelines of magnetic force are utilized in elevating the armature withinthe coil, the top of the armature being attracted by the magneticinfluence of the iron of the casing directly beneath housing 23, whilethe disk-like flange 30 is attracted by the outer lower edge of thecasing surrounded by the su pporting-base 14. This results in producinga very economical arrangement, since by reason thereof the armature andcarbons are elevated the proper distance for striking the arc with thesmallest'possible amount of electrical energy.

Into a lower cylindrical portion 32 of the armature extended through theopening in the part 16 of the base is screwed a nut 33, from whichdepends an arm 34.

35 is a clutch in the form of a ring, having its open ends pivotallysecured to the lower end of arm 34, while at its opposite side it has anear 36, pivoted to a collar 37, fast on tube 27. The clutch is in onepiece and entirely encircles the carbon-rod tube, but without touchingor contacting therewith excepting through its connection to collar 37.An opening 38 is formed in tribe 27, near the lowergend of the latter,to accommodate an inwardly-projecting tooth of the clutch, designed toengage the positive carbon a; for lifting the same in striking the arc.The connection between the end of the clutch-ring and the arm 34 is suchas to prevent binding and allow a free and easy movement. The elevationof the armaturekk carrying the arm 34 upwardly causes the clutch-toothto engage the carbon rod ac and eectthe elevation thereof. The length ofthe arc may be adjusted by the turning of sleeve 26, which changes thenormal position of tube 27 and collar 37 with respect to the clutch andarmature. A non-magnetic washer or distancepiece 39 is located betweenthe armature and the housing to prevent the former coming into too closeor intimate contact with the latter or the magnetic casing, which mightinterfere with the proper operation of the lamp, since the residualmagnetism might probably hold the armature elevated when the current wasoff and at a time when the -armature should be down in its normal ornon-operative position. In the form shown in Fig. 2 the upper end of thearc-inclosure extends into the skirt 17, and on the top thereof is a cap40, formed with an opening to accommodate the tube 27 and arm 34.

41 designates a bracket extending from a frame 5 for supporting theholder 42 of the negative carbon rod, said bracket also supporting thearc-inclosure. Through an opening in this bracket is passed the holder42 in the form of a tube open at its ends, being beveled on its innerside at its upper end, as shown at 43. In opposite sides of theholding-tube are located a longitudinally-extended groove 44 and aseries of spaced-apart recesses or depressions 45. Into the formerextends the pointed end of a screw 46, working in a boss of the bracket,said screw serving merely to guide the holder-tube as against axialturning, while into the recesses 45 is designed to project one end of aspring-pressed rod 47, having a milled head 48, cut out to extend overthe boss or housing 49. By pulling on this rod its end will bedisengaged from the holder-tube,and thelatter may thereupon be raised orlowered to effect the proper adjustment of the parts. In lieu of theseries of recesses and the pointed rod other means may be used foreffecting the longitudinal adjustment and holding of the holdertube. InFigs. 16 and 17 I have shown this tube as equipped with a rack-bar 50,the spring-pressed rod having a widened end 5l, equipped with teethcorresponding to the rack-bar.

52 designates the clamp for the negative carbon rod y. This clamp isshown in the form of a tube located within the holder-tube 42 and havingits upper end beveled inwardly and designed to engage theoutwardly-beveled ends of two semicircular sections 53, the upperbeveled ends of which conform to the bevel 43 of the holder-tube 42. Bythe axial turning of a milled nut 54, screwed on the lower end of tube42 and held fast to the clamping-tube 52 by a screw 55, the semicirculartube-section 53, by reason of the wedgelike actions on the ends thereof,are forced into positive engagement with the negative carbon rod y. Byturning the nut 54 in the opposite direction the carbon rod will bereleased and permitted to fall to the lower end of the holder, whereuponit may be removed by the withdrawal of a milled nut 56, screwed into thelower end of tube 52. In this nut 56 is a central opening 57, not largeenough for the carbons to fall through, but of suffi.- cient size topermit a rod to be inserted after the C.two carbon rods have been passedupwardly into`tube 52 to effect the proper positioning of both carbonrods, and. when this is accomplished the turning of nut 54 will resultin the clamping-sections 53 bind- IOO IIO

maree Y tive-carbon holder it is obvious that the adjustment thereof maybe readily effected by successive stops without danger of its fallingentirely out of place, and by this means the arc may be uniformlymaintained at the focal center of the reflector'.

The operation is as follows: Upon the current being admitted to themagnet-coil the armature 29 will be elevated, carrying upwardly theclutch-ring, which engaging the positive carbon elevates the latter andits tube 27 as against the tension of spring 24 until the armaturereaches the limit of its upward movement,when the properlength of archas been attained, the extent of such movement being regulated bytheadjustment of sleeve 26 on tube 27. Upon the current being cut off fromthe magnet-coil all the parts mentioned immediately resume their normalnonoperative positions. By a slight axial turning of the coil-casing andits supporting-base the same will be unlocked from the retaining-plate 9and may thereupon be easily removed by being lifted upward. This axialmovement disconnects the magnet-coil circuit, lhe spring-arm 2O beingdisengaged from the stationary lamp-terminal 2l. The reverse movement ofthe parts-that is, in repositioning the coil-casing-effects the immediate closing of the circuit between the stationary terminal 2l andthe casing-terminal 19, the lamp being then ready for the current to becut thereinto. In charging the lamp with the carbons, and for thispurpose a hole or opening is usually formed in the bottom of thelamp-casing, the nut 26 is removed, and both carbon rods are insertedupwardly into the lower-carbon holder, whereupon the nut 26 is replacedand the carbons are forced upwardly by the insertion of a rod or otherinstrument through the opening 57. lVhen the meeting ends of the tworods are located at the focal center of the lamp, the nut 54 is turnedto effect the clamping of the lower or negative carbon rod,'whereuponthe lamp is ready for burning. After the lamp has been burning some fewhours the arc willdrop below the focal center and project the lightupward at an undesired angle, because of the fact that the positivecarbon feeds downward and the negative carbon is normally stationary. Torestore the arc to the focal center, it is necessary to raise the lowercarbon, which may be done by disengaging the spring-held rod 47 from theholder-tube 42, which latter may then be moved upwardly and againsecured at the desired point by releasing the hold on rod 47. If thenegative carbon does not extend far enough above its holder, itisnecessary to insert a rod or other instrument through opening 57 untilit touches the lower end of the negative carbon, when by releasing thebite of the clamping-sections 53 thereon, as by turning nut 54, theoperator by pushing upwardly on the rod will raise the negative carbonthe proper distance, whereupon the turning of nut 54 will again Yclampthe negative'carbon and allow the raising-rod to be withdrawn. Hence itwill be seen that the position of the 'negative carbon may be controlledboth by adjusting the holder and by raising and lowering the carbonindependently of its holder.

It is obvious that changes may be made in the construction andarrangements of the various parts without departing from the scope oflny invention. l

I claim as my invention- 1. In an electric headlight-lamp, a supporthaving a central opening and overhanging ears, -a magnet-coil, a casingtherefor, an armature movable in such coil, a clutch for engaging one ofthe carbons, and a non-magnetic base supporting said casing andhavingvarms designed to rest on said support and to be held by saidears, as set forth.

2. In an electric headlight-lamp, a support having a central opening andoverhanging ears, a magnet-coil, a cylindrical casing therefor ofskeleton formation, an armature movable in such coil and extendedthrough said central opening, a clutch actuated by said armature forengaging one of the lamp-carbons, and a base for said casing havinglateral arms designed to rest on said support and extend beneath saidears, as set forth.

3. In an electric headlight-lamp, a support having a central opening anda stationary terminal, a magnet-coil, an armature therein, a clutchactuated by the armature for engaging one of the carbons, aninsulatedcasing for such coil designed to rest on said support, andaterminal carried by said casing having a spring-arm designed to engagewith the terminalon the support, as set forth.v

4. In'an electric headlight-lamp having a support formed with an openingand overhanging ears on its upper surface, an electrical terminal onsaid support, the casing,

the magnet-coil therein, an armature, a carbon-clutch actuated by thearmature which latter is designed to extend into said opening, anon-magnetic base for said casing equipped with lateral arms designed torest on the support and extend beneath said ears, and a terminal carriedby'said base havinga spring-arm designed to engage the terminal of thesupport when the arms are moved beneath'said ears, as set forth;

5. -The combination with the frame, and the supports for the upperandlower carbons,`

of the arc-inclosure resting on the lower support, a c-ap on the upperend of said inclo- IOO IIO

ISO

sure, the non-magnetic base having a depending portion extending belowand inclosing said cap and the upper end of the arc-inclosure, retainingsaid cap in place, the arcforming mechanism and clutch for the uppercarbon carried by said base, as set forth.

6. In an electric headlight-lamp, a support having a circular portion, aplate mounted thereon, an insulating disk beneath said plate, said platehaving overhanging ears, the casing, arc-forming mechanism and clutchfor the upper carbon carried by said casing, a non-magnetic base forsaid casing equipped with lateral arms designed to rest on said plateand engage beneath said ears, an insulated spring-terminal mounted onsaid base, and an insulated terminal mounted on said plate and withwhich the former terminal is designed to contact when the arms arebeneath the ears, as set forth.

7. In an electric headlight-lamp, a magnetcoil, a cylindrical casingtherefor of skeleton formation, a non-magnetic base for said casing, asupport for such base, means for removably connecting the base to thesupport, an armature Within the coil and casing, means actuated by thearmature for engaging and raising the positive carbon, an insulatedterminal mounted on said support, and an insulated terminal on thenon-magnetic base designed to contact with the iirstmentioned terminalwhen the casing is looked on the support, as set forth.

8. In an electric headlight-lamp, a magnetcoil, a non-magnetic supporttherefor having lateral arms, a support upon which said arms aredesigned to rest, holding means on said support with which the arms aredesigned to coact, an armature Within the coil, means actuated by thearmature for engaging the positive carbon rod, an insulated terminal ofthe magnet-coil mounted on the non-magnetic support, and an insulatedterminal on the support with Which the former terminal is designed toengage when the casing is locked on its support, as set forth.

9. In an electric lamp, a magnet-coil, a cylindrical skeleton casinginclosing said coil, a non-magnetic base, supporting said casing andhaving lateral arms, a support for said base having overhanging earsbeneath Which the arms are designed to extend when the casing is turnedaxially, a terminal springarm of the magnet-coil mounted on the casing,and a stationary terminal mounted on the support and with which theformer terminal is designed to contact when said arms are moved beneathsaid ears, as set forth.

10. The combination with the magnet-coil, and the armature, of thecarbon-tube extended through said armature, a clutch supported by thetube and connected to the armature and designed to engage the carbonwithin the tube, and adjustable means for exerting pressure on said tubein opposition to the action of the magnet-coil on the armature, as

set forth.

1l. The combination with the magnet-coil and the armature of thecarbon-tube having an opening, aclutch having a tooth designed to extendthrough said opening to engage the carbon rod, a connection between theclutch and the armature, and means acting on the tube in opposition tothe action of the coil on the armature, as set forth.

12. The combination with the coil, its casing and the armature, of thetube for the carbon having an opening therein, a clutch supported bysaid tube having a tooth extending through said opening, a connectionbetween the clutch and the armature, a sleeve adjustable on the upperend of the tube engaging the coil-casing at its lower end, and a springtending to hold said sleeve against said casing, as set forth.

I3. The combination with the magnet-coil, its armature and the carbontube, of the clutch supported by said tube and designed to engage thecarbon rod, a connection between the clutch and the armature, the casingfor the coil having an opening in its top and a surrounding housing,said tube being extended through said opening, and into said housing, anadjustable sleeve on the upper end of the tube, a spring Within thehousing acting on said sleeve, and a nut for regulating the tension ofsaid spring, as set forth.

14. In an electric headlight-lamp the combination with the support, ofthe magnet-coil, the armature therefor, the carbon rod'therein, meansactuated by the armature for engaging and moving said carbon rod, andthe casing for the coil resting on said support, said casing being ofskeleton formation, as and for the purpose stated.

l5. The combination with the magnetic casing and the magnet-coil, of thearmature having a depending cylindrical portion, the carbon-tubeextended through such cylindrical portion, said tube having an openingtherein, the clutch mounted on the tube and having a tooth extendingthrough said opening, and a connection between said clutch and thearmature, substantially as set forth.

16. The combination with the magnet-coil and the armature having acylindrical portion formed with a depending threaded extension, of a nutscrewed into said extension, an arm depending from said nut, thecarbontube extended through said nut and cylindrical portion of thearmature and having an opening therein, and the clutch-ring supported bysaid tube and having a tooth extended into said opening, said clutchringbeing loosely secured to saidv depending arm, substantially as setforth.

17. The combination with the magnet-coil and inclosing casing, of themovable armature, and a non-magnetic washer or distancepiece between thearmature and the casing, as and for the purpose stated.

1S. In an electric headlight-lam p, a carbonholder adjustablevertically, means for de- IOO IIO

'tachably engaging and holding said holder,

and means for preventing the aXial turning of the latter, as set forth.

19. The combination with the bracket having an opening therein, of thecarbon-holder having a tube fitted in said opening and equipped with aseries of recesses, a springpressed member mounted in the bracket forengaging any one of said recesses, and means for preventing the axialturning of the tube, as set forth.

20. The combination with a bracket having an openingtherein, of thecarbon-holder having a tube fitted in said opening, said tube lhaving onone side a longitudinal groove, and

on the other side a series of recesses, a screw mounted in the bracketextending into said groove, and a spring-pressed member also mounted inthe bracket for engaging said recesses, substantially as set forth.

2l. Thecarbon-holder consisting of a tube, a second tube inclosedtherein, separate clamping-sections located within the first tube anddesigned to be actuated by said second tube, and means on the exteriorof the first-mentioned tube foractuating the second tube and tighteningor releasing the clamping-sections, as set forth.

22. The carbon-holder having a tu-be located therein formed with bevelededges, two separate semicircular sections also within the holder havingbeveled edges designed to be engaged by those of the tube, and means atone end of the holder for forcing said tube into engagement with saidsections for effecting the gripping of the carbon rod by the latter, asset forth.

23. The combination with the carbon-holder and the clamp thereforlocated within the holder and having a longitudinal opening, of meansfor closing said opening to prevent the passage of the carbons, suchmeans havl ing an opening of less diameter than the carbons to permit ofthe insertion of means forv moving the latter, as set forth.

24. The combination with the carbon-holder and the clamp therein for thecarbon rod, of means on the lower end of the holder for actuating theclamp, and a removable member for closing the lower end of the holder,said member having an opening therein of less diameter than that of thecarbon-holder and the carbons, as set forth.

25. The combination with the carbon-holder of tubularform, of theclamping-tube located therein, clamping-sections above saidclamping-tube designed to be actuated by the latter to engage thecarbon, the nut secured to the lower end of the clamping-tube andengaging the carbon-holder tube, and the nut screwed into saidclamping-tube having an opening of less diameter than that of the latterand also less than that of the carbons, substantially as set forth.

26. The combination with the tubular carbon-holder having its openingbeveled at its upper end, of the clamping-tube within the holder beveledat its upper end, and the two separate semicircular clamping-sectionsbetween the upper end of the clamping-tube and the end of thecarbon-holder tube, the ends of said clamping-sections being beveled toconform to the bevels of the holder-tube and to the bevels of theclamping-tube, and means for actuating the clamping-tube to force thesame against `or release it from the clamping-sections, substantially asset forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

HABLAN P. WELLMAN. Witnesses:

W. C. RICHARDSON, OSCAR HENTHORNE.

